1. 开头万能公式一:名人名言 & V4 m7 \' r' r- u
有人问了,“我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?”,很好办:编!
) z2 O4 u/ ~5 }/ Y& P原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧? 7 `8 o- j* U% h1 M/ l2 X; o3 s
经典句型:
% Q7 V) Q& w4 z7 h: m, v8 A) z k, o* ^( S& EA proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (适用于已记住的名言) 8 e# r. L# f$ b8 z9 [* S0 v
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. (适用于自编名言) ! P" [$ l* s2 u# V
更多经典句型: + y# A; n* t+ {" t+ w5 s
As everyone knows, No one can deny that… - w" q; Q! @$ e
2. 开头万能公式二:数字统计 , u5 k& L. T# ]8 h [
原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。
8 @& c! n" `: t2 A/ r2 E* k原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型:
& ?- W% a/ f( [According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.
: }( V. j6 U: B; J2 D看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造:
1 R0 M: K1 X( p3 u8 `# NHonesty * Z* L' M+ a( ]- g" `0 d
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。 5 H" E1 L0 A4 m2 T6 A; h
Travel by Bike
6 u. R8 p0 @7 o; ^9 x+ x根据最近的一项统计调查显示,85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。 9 m) o. O- P$ l* P
Youth
' _$ l6 c" ?; T1 |! d* l7 l& L* K根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。 4 e/ G% }' P, e5 h, T+ M
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work?
' z& p. @2 l+ N9 { p( m* _* s0 d根据最近的一项统计调查显示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。 % X. @5 A! Z+ p- x! Z) W+ W
更多句型: + s$ i! y/ `" Z8 \4 s1 j- M1 R
A recent statistics shows that … % \/ N' H/ \9 r3 n( c
写作绝招
( ]- X$ M: F! p) `' x3 D. w4 ]& V结尾万能公式:
5 N# z7 ?' i8 _9 q2 C! g- C9 C1. 结尾万能公式一:如此结论
& M- ]" {3 Z7 L% K& Z* V说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子:
# L4 p$ O' V" u+ kObviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others. % T* @0 n% ~, L. m% k; B! ?
如果读者很难“显而见之”,但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了!
) S# B( A4 a! B: D3 y! t3 `, n2 l更多过渡短语: * b' K+ Q# m6 w
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus 6 \' u B/ u% B/ [3 \
更多句型: ( I. A$ y V2 j9 p' Q
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that…
* f+ c+ k# h& H2. 结尾万能公式二:如此建议 3 S/ P9 Z1 K) d7 E
如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话,那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽!
8 Y' K6 ~' z( A; q1 J0 {Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem. " r, y, X, s: Q2 g, I
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢? ; w) f9 z" [* b( h; ^: s: ]. } \
更多句型: . M5 c3 c, `3 F
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.
/ V6 I/ Y5 x7 yConsequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.
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0 W+ x' _5 i2 T4 q写作绝招
! Y& L: y$ z. a9 p! @写作的“七项基本原则”:
' C% A/ `* |, W. p, g一、 长 短 句原则
9 a- @: r+ Y0 `8 a工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: % ?0 @$ B5 s7 ]! _5 w6 q
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.
1 p. x4 L. G' V7 m: A, \ _5 j o如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记! ; b6 w0 \' m* h/ Y7 ?$ r
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。
, B8 h8 p6 Y9 c6 ]& ^, A$ S$ Q7 @二、 主 题 句原则
/ F8 _0 J2 j) ]% V5 F国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! & K! R9 o# ~3 q1 D9 m E
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的!
4 O0 h+ c- l' G* V6 ?+ ]To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly. $ V2 G( l k, ^9 F, d, l! c
三、 一 二 三原则 $ F* \+ d) ?0 x, w( A {+ v
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… 如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。
2 [/ F0 {$ n5 s: z1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) , ?2 m$ k/ K, J; X
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) ( h' D: ~- w8 v9 ~$ W
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) ! b2 D+ C/ k- L' t; @; H) r
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) % q' l( C; P; B6 W) _$ h& U2 R
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐)
+ @) j5 o: |! s6 O+ G0 i% [) o6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐)
) o1 z; a; q: a: H! [- D7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐)
- a0 T5 H3 N4 \8)most important of all, moreover, finally 0 g; G# V" j2 _7 ^& h B4 ~. y+ z
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况)
+ F7 N( U% u$ h- G W# H1 w& B10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况)
* r/ ^0 w) u/ q! r+ L* C建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚! + ?1 e) |6 t" I% r' d1 M
四、 短语优先原则
( J% F$ X% Z n: T写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: ; ?5 x0 E: z" U" B* \3 g
I cannot bear it. , X* O7 a4 U* A/ d* `
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. / p- c5 ~9 P# {" G6 z
I want it.
J5 ~1 t6 S/ w7 [% p" [ X可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. 5 {. V' z1 @9 o: F& W
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。 / d8 W$ o% r( u0 C; h' {' m; N
五、 多实少虚原则 9 l# X$ Q ~5 @5 m$ q- q! N- P
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之类的形象词。再比如: % O! K. i# |+ l# Z {
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room
; ~4 j4 ]$ m* I) N; z& }6 ^/ j @但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room * \- z5 g; P$ `% j5 U+ F
小姐走出房间应该说:sail out of the room
) p9 A; Z+ p* A( Y. n! A小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room 8 w' |) x$ {' |, s7 c0 `
老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room
; l$ v! C$ \4 d# G& |所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩! 3 p/ D; n2 w' [. r* {1 }7 C
六、 多变句式原则 8 W0 A- B/ b. \, F
1)加法(串联) + X/ v# M5 K. W& D( h* F
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说:
3 v& ]3 n/ |! T1 L1 R7 f3 YI enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar.
+ Z+ e' R( M# N" a& l. _4 W如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: ( F1 U- S) H+ t/ o
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm.
3 t0 _0 w7 b2 T: [ I其它的短语可以用: - F+ X" |( Z! Z5 y
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover
! r% Q/ ^( x5 Z4 X! q. N2)转折(拐弯抹角)
1 b, E2 H* k2 N! Z7 p' D# H5 C9 k: s批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 ! Y1 P6 y9 c9 m1 @
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. * _0 ]3 V- J; m$ B* D
The coat was thin, but it was warm. ) B9 `& T7 W* p6 U M0 ?: {
更多的短语: 0 R4 d; } f2 j' i4 P
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding
3 Z& F- e3 S2 r& P3)因果(so, so, so) % W8 Q0 o" r8 p! `9 G
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系!
5 _" n; j% t5 c3 b5 S- p7 |6 }The snow began to fall, so we went home. 2 v8 g9 ]' ?7 _% K0 z7 [
更多短语: 5 p1 ~: Z l+ C2 Y
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that
9 w& t! I/ V/ M) N' x4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重)
: d( ^. j; j) `. G4 k4 k$ t有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 9 t' b1 ~1 I% q8 _0 m
举例:This is what I can do. 4 Z, y) F" s& p _7 v
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. # a* ~7 }' n# y4 S- O3 f7 G8 l
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: " N2 Y1 n% B6 I4 R% K9 _) H
When to go, Why he goes away…
& w C% F2 X& o4 e* L: t5)附加(多此一举) ! S S* `7 ]5 y5 u2 I9 a6 d7 z
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。
1 I- l. a5 T* t" b. g2 ZThe man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. # i4 Y0 ]8 K. B% ~9 k6 ^
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading.
6 {4 D2 N% ^, H+ L1 n, o0 {Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going.
5 e4 ^& A) L" h其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。
5 h) o7 W3 L% v* | r) K- T& ~6)排比(排山倒海句) ; P$ ?+ e( ~3 i+ o! H. D8 f
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势!
3 J0 C3 o I# V, ^7 \4 xWhether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you. # y; X/ Q" I1 l
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.
+ C6 Z& U0 h: K& J- B- vWe have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏)
- L/ U' A7 r ` X要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!
% T; c" F" d0 w9 y; @. c& d七、 挑战极限原则
/ J' o2 ~4 n" |$ h9 f既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀!
; p7 y% h2 F+ u$ K) T原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: & K, q! N* E8 L t; ]- ^" Z% p
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills. ' @" ~. J6 i9 Z' y/ H
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China. ; r3 b; V% R8 Q2 y5 P8 L
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! ' K& N; t$ F% c+ o1 u4 }8 _) J
% \: H. J0 e, f# i6 K7 c" ^
写作绝招
6 Y; R( Z! d$ F8 r$ `* P( ?/ H文章主体段落三大杀手锏: # ?" y9 A; n& u8 z- @: R7 R; p8 @
一、举实例 , T3 s) A( {& I. |- r# W$ |% P
思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! * s' E0 b/ k" t f# G J& g+ O/ q
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. 9 s3 J4 A7 [# h/ X U7 z% S
更多句型:
1 q) [0 q4 {7 \9 X# y7 PTo take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, for example $ U9 z' J0 q+ w" O' [0 H8 \
二、做比较 2 D% M+ _' C7 A7 C- K( r; q
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的;
6 ]+ L- a: q+ }( c5 O- I世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语:
0 E( _5 [# M4 k9 b相似的比较:
0 C7 b9 `8 q& Q1 {% Y, v7 n; Iin comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner 3 z) ^/ j9 C5 s# h" y: I
相反的比较: " D" e$ p- f) S. [! I$ L
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, … / u) I4 y; q7 q; z8 N7 i
三、换言之
# b% W5 C; a+ W& b没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。
/ ], i& h6 @# s实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you!
) c% c/ Q# ^% d: wI am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you.
4 E7 G9 {/ }& hI am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love with you.
& P9 e v7 e+ G2 ?3 I9 T或者上面我们举过的例子:
0 @5 B7 @0 P* n$ I% n) Z% O7 Q) HI cannot bear it. & p( u% U8 b1 s9 d& o
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. % p, B0 S7 C3 Q' K- l
因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with it or I am fed up with it. $ e' u i+ L( c" j# \8 Y0 r
更多短语: , G0 E+ j6 x2 D. s; x$ U, @
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more simply |