踊跃的一面是

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a survey of employers by the national association of colleges and employers showed those that recruit on campuses plan to boost hiring of new grads by 10.2% from last year. however, on-campus recruiting is only a small slice of the pie -- the bulk of graduates find jobs on their own.
& W9 |6 |) Z  G! Z; q. Lassociated press全美高校与雇主协会(national association of colleges and employers)对招聘企业开展的一项考察显示，参加校园招聘的企业今年的应届毕业生打算招聘人数比去年增加了10.2%。然而，校园招聘只占就业市场很小一局部，大多数毕业生还是得自己走出校园找工作，楷维留学指南转接报道。
graduating college students face a mixed job market at best this year, and most will leave school without an offer in hand, despite an uptick in hiring by on-campus recruiters.
对即将在今年毕业的美国大学生而言，他们面临的是一个充其量只能说是喜忧参半的就业市场。只管进校园招聘的企业的招聘人数有所上升，大多数毕业生仍将无所斩获分开学校。
in a study to be released thursday, the john j. heldrich center for workforce development at rutgers university found that recent graduates are taking awhile to find work. only 49% of graduates from the classes of 2009 to 2011 had found a full-time job within a year of finishing school, compared with 73% for students who graduated in the three years prior.
罗格斯大学（rutgers university）约翰?黑尔德里希人力发展核心（john j. heldrich center for workforce development）在上周宣布的研讨讲演中指出，早先毕业的大学生要花不少时光才干找到工作。在2009年至2011年期间毕业的大学生中，只有49%的人在毕业一年内找到全职工作，2006至 *** 期间毕业的大学生的这一比例为73%。
# G! _3 Q' U7 U& e: c- ]overall, the unemployment rate among 20- to 24-year-olds with bachelor's degrees was 6.4% in april, compared with 8.1% for the overall population, according to the labor department.
依据美国劳工部（labor department）颁布的数据，总体说来，4月份美国领有学士学位的20岁至24岁年青人的失业率为6.4%，而总人口的失业率为8.1%。
experts say four broad issues will make it tougher for today's graduates to launch their careers and succeed over the long run.
6 S9 ]! _: L: M- ?$ L' i: G( v: o就业问题专家称，当今的毕业生若要开启职业生活并在将来取得成功更加艰巨，他们将要面临四大挑衅。
% ?/ z- S/ P. k# lfirst, the job market is still far from booming: march and april's disappointing job numbers -- employers added only 154,000 and 115,000 jobs, respectively, compared with an average gain of about 250,000 in the previous three months -- suggest the recovery remains fragile. the downbeat news echoes a pattern in the past two years, when much-heralded economic 'green shoots' early in the year failed to blossom into sustained improvement.
首先，就业市场还远远算不上繁华。3月份和4月份的就业数据均令人扫兴，分辨只增长了154,000个跟115,000个工作岗位，而之前三个月平均每月约增添250,000个岗位，这表明经济复苏仍然疲软。这个让人懊丧的新闻与从前两年的模式颇为类似──年初大举宣传的经济复苏苗头最终未能进一步发展为连续的改良。
on the positive side, americans are quitting their jobs in higher numbers, leaving behind openings for which new graduates can apply. in february, the last month for which data are available, two million people gave notice, according to the labor department. while still historically low, it is the highest number of resignations since november 2008. that churn -- the natural turnover that occurs as workers quit or retire -- is a sign of slowly improving economic confidence and good news for new grads and all unemployed people.
踊跃的一面是，美国的辞职人数也有所增加，腾出的职位空白可供新近毕业的大学生申请。据美国劳工部的数据显示，在2月份（有数据可查的最后一个月），美国有200万人提出了辞职申请。固然该数据仍旧处于历史低点，却是 *** 11月以来的最高值。职员散失率（因员工辞职或退休呈现的人员的天然流动）上升是经济信念逐渐迟缓回升的一个迹象，对刚毕业的大学生以及所有失业者来说都是个好消息。
8 w$ i! g6 F# D- P8 wsecond, the class of 2012 faces tougher competition thanks to what carl van horn, director of the heldrich center, calls 'the recession hangover.' young adults who graduated into the dire labor market of 2008 and 2009 and have been out of work or underemployed since are applying for the same jobs as new grads are. the same goes for earlier grads who were laid off during the recession. those job candidates, many of whom likely have more experience than new grads, may have an edge, mr. van horn says.
+ y! a0 A. d% D其次，受到约翰·黑尔德里希人力发展中央主任卡尔?范霍恩（carl van horn）所称的“衰退后遗症”的影响，2012年毕业的学生面临着更加残暴的就业竞争。一方面，毕业于 *** 和2009年、始终未就业或者未充足就业的年轻人会与今年的应届毕业生竞争雷同岗位；另一方面，早前毕业但在经济消退期被辞退的人也会参加竞争。范霍恩称，这些求职者可能比应届毕业生更有上风，由于他们当中很多人的工作教训更丰盛。
in a better position might be those seniors who took advantage of on-campus recruitment programs. lauren martinez, 22 years old, will graduate from macalester college in st. paul, minn., on saturday with an entry-level consulting job in hand. competition during recruiting season felt 'hard but not terrible,' says ms. martinez, who received two job offers. her friends who are graduating without full-time jobs, she adds, have mostly lined up volunteer work, internships and temporary research positions while they continue to search for permanent work.
7 ]2 [* ?3 F8 V# I: |/ h. n境遇好些的可能是那些通过校园应聘得偿所愿的毕业班学生。现年22岁的劳伦?马丁内兹（lauren martinez）上周六刚从明尼苏达州圣保罗的马卡莱斯特学院（macalester college）毕业，她行将从事一份低级的征询工作。她说求职季的竞争“艰苦但并不恐怖”，终极她失掉了两个工作机遇。她还说，那些毕业没找到全职工作的友人大多数找到了意愿者工作、实习工作以及常设性的研究工作，同时他们也在持续寻找固定工作。
third, a debt burden looms. two-thirds of students from the class of 2010, the latest figures available, graduated with student loans, with an average tab of $25,250 -- up 5% from the previous year -- according to the institute for college access & success, an independent group that promotes higher education affordability.
7 j/ ]" W8 H: k- v$ j再次，债权累赘也是一大隐患。据美国大学入学及胜利协会(the institute for college access & success)的数据显示，2010年（有最新数据可查的一年）毕业的学生中，有三分之二的人在毕业时背负着助学贷款，均匀负债额为25,250美元，较上一年回升了5%。该协会是一家旨在进步高级教导可蒙受度的独破机构。
tuition isn't getting any cheaper, so loan figures are expected to be even higher for the current crop of graduates. that means a greater share of any starting salaries they receive would go to repaying lenders, rather than to rent, furnishings or a down-payment fund for a house, delaying financial independence for many young adults.
% l7 N# y6 S' F8 }& T$ M现在的大学膏火一点也不比以前廉价，因而当前这批毕业生的欠款额可能还会更高。这象征着他们初期获得的薪水将用于偿还贷款，而不是用来付房租、买家具或是支付屋子的首付款，这使得许多年轻人财政独立的时间向后推迟。
8 g' |5 g  R% U- o  Ylast, even when new graduates do find jobs, their starting salaries tend to be lower than those for their counterparts who graduated a decade earlier, adjusted for inflation. with a lower base pay, research shows they may never catch up.
最后，即便新近毕业的学生找到了工作，他们的起薪经通胀因素调剂后往往会比10年前的毕业生低。研究显示，因为基础工资更低，他们兴许永远也赶不上以前毕业生的程度。
, u- d( y, r9 R6 Emany students nonetheless express optimism, though perhaps that is simply the lake wobegon effect: they might believe they're all above-average after years of positive reinforcement from their parents. in the same vein, they may see themselves as exceptions to the rules of the job market.
许多学生仍是表示出乐观立场，尽管这可能只是乌比冈湖效应（lake wobegon effect，注：指人们对于本身的性情和才能等抱有不切实际的乐观态度）的体现──他们可能是以为本人经由父母多年的积极培育后比一般人优良。出于同样的情理，他们可能也认为自己可能免受就业市场法则的影响。
according to the economic policy institute, a left-leaning think tank, entry-level, college-educated men age 23-29 earned an average $21.68 an hour in 2011, an inflation-adjust drop of 7.6% from 2000. for women, the corresponding figure fell 6%, to $18.80. men and women both earn just a bit more than they did in 1989, when measured in 2011 dollars.
据美国左倾智库经济政策研究所（economic policy institute）的数据显示，在2011年，受过大学教育、从事初级工作的23岁至29岁男性的平均时薪为21.68美元，经通胀因素调整后比2000年下降了7.6%；同样前提的女性的这一数据降落了6%至18.80美元。依照美元在2011年的购置力水平权衡，这些人的工资只比1989年高出些许。