该用户从未签到
|
在文章的浏览(即略读,skimming)过程中,对文中信息重要性的判断可以帮助读者快速有效地了解段落的大意。在浏览过程中,读者可以通过寻找“信号词”来区分重要信息和非重要信息。诚信学习网为大家收集整理了在阅读过程中常见的几类“信号词”,希望对提高大家的阅读有所帮助!
, O$ O1 Z7 R: ]. A2 U Z 1. 以下词组提示下文所涉及的重要信息:
6 k! h4 g/ R- C6 p' ]5 }) x+ H$ o: U5 e
The main / important point / conclusion / reason…。' U* z8 H1 _4 S d, @. S
8 o7 Y3 ^/ m# i The point to note here…2 r8 B* Q3 @" B/ b' N2 r
& {; Z _" L) b: G' e) n
2. 以下词组提示了下文的结构框架:
l) j$ t: S# B& z: H. B4 p% _6 b" p. i- a+ H5 R4 {
There are three major reasons…6 ]) x/ ~- b! p3 _: n& [# X
N2 O8 h0 Y7 J( y+ @6 t
3. but 和 however表示对比,常常用来提示重要信息,例如:
- Z* Q$ O2 Y2 V: b$ {5 @" `
1 ^" r/ L: l; d9 O/ W6 V4 M+ [ H The rising birth rate is not due to increased fertility, but to a sharp decline in the death rate。
* Z1 w0 ]! G( \
3 w \# F+ c7 r6 {/ v 4. 在文中提问可以突出问题后的答案,提示读者答案中有重要信息,例如:0 q, j6 D; r; r7 q8 p+ H
+ r2 D; }7 v% f: T! l* K
Why is a piped water supply so important? Disease due to contaminated water is a common cause of death in childhood。8 q$ o+ q4 f4 E9 E0 S2 a! O
+ e+ z1 X4 f d! \% b/ r- r 5. 有时,为了保证读者完全理解自己的观点,作者会在文中反复提出自己的观点,例如:( F N! _& \0 A4 U2 K ~. W
( V, a7 |* y3 v0 c; p" V$ Y$ F2 N Death control can be achieved autonomously. In other words, the death rate can be cut without anything else changing。) e* n" Q* _7 x1 h8 ]: h& [- @% C4 S
$ z) r+ B% x2 A( q7 F
6. 文章的结论通常是非常重要的,因此,读者要在文中寻找提示结论的“信号词”,例如:
3 k1 S( w( d/ X" n% a& P' ~( |. y2 p) c
Therefore/the result
: V; n" P% I; S7 k8 c; y4 \- @) `% F4 s; v- {9 B/ Y* W
In conclusion/we can conclude: U+ M" @6 j9 n2 {& N: v1 A
+ s, k1 F1 Z+ s+ c" [ One of the primary conclusions
) q, i/ @% X% z% M# `' L! U: Q5 w z& K6 N
7. 举例是为了帮助读者理解某一个观点,因此,文中的例子不是浏览文章时的重要信息。在阅读过程中,以下词组提示读者下文是举例部分信息。
! c, I5 l1 A6 e' c$ r: {; c
% f. i$ T& h4 ] For example/instancelike3 v; B6 g; G$ ^2 J( M" i$ d
# c6 R* `4 A7 Y- i- F/ I# h
Such as these include' }! A; K9 m2 y# X3 @* Z4 o g
* o" a2 S" r7 M' n! O( t0 Y' f1 n To illustrate among these are ]: b1 W+ T" v* m8 _
3 n# y) q. H u& A) ~1 x+ d5 B 有时,作者也会用破折号或括号来提示举例信息,例如:! k0 S/ f6 R8 Y0 Z
- r/ F+ @5 g) c' L8 v- X) M
The developing countries are dependent on cash crops – sugar, coffee, cacao, cotton。
1 I: y5 s# H( \% p' f4 f& k8 C/ a( w. D R/ P
Precipitating/violent/unexpected factors are those which reduce the food supply (droughts, floods, wars, epidemics)…
5 Y1 K/ v4 O2 y( V) o, E
" n! ]# k" d: l" z/ Q, } 在段落浏览时,读者在看到信号词后,应不断对下文信息作出相应的判断,例如:
7 z) S$ ^7 @) k) r" p6 I# H6 x& V' w& X/ u( ]' G! L6 C8 |1 w- p
The main reason for (提示:下文信息重要) the reduction in the death rate in the developing world has been improved public health measures. For example, (提示:下文信息不重要,仅仅是为了用来证明前面的观点) in Sri Lanka the death rate was halved over ten years by spraying the mosquitoes which carry malaria。
+ F6 n* r _3 V: H3 v# Y# c& J8 V8 H0 {
Why (提示:问题的答案中有读者应该关注的重点) is it so easy to cut the death rate in this way and yet so hard to reduce the birth rate? One answer (提示:这只是众多答案中的一种,并不是最重要的。) is that public health measures can be very cheap. Anti-malarial spraying is inexpensive. But this is not the important point (提示:but后面的是非常重要的信息). For birth control programmes to be successful, a change in attitude is required, whereas death control can be achieved autonomously. In other words, (提示:这里是作者想要强调的重要信息) the death rate can be cut without anything else changing。
' N# R# H7 \" ]0 S6 N. E" p2 s% J3 h1 Q* {8 }6 c, {: X( w1 O5 T) m
|
|