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不定式作状语是高考语法重点,暑假班英语特级教师张老师给出详细解析。1 j# R0 r% V' o2 Z: [: y4 N
; l5 t% t7 i5 v He sat down to have a rest. (表目的)
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$ @8 b- T: E1 ^" C" t: s' c" k/ }' \ They went there to visit their teacher.1 F0 ?% C+ N8 @& f1 M4 O
' {( j v- C5 b 他们去那里拜访老师。(表目的)
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He woke up only / just to find everybody gone.0 \; E: N! a+ }, J; K' N" f" H
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他醒来发现大家都走了。(表示结果)
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6 j- `" K# l5 N3 P$ k. n: T$ F My grandmother lived to see the liberation of China.
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我祖母活到亲眼见到中国解放。(表示结果); O% E, Z1 d% m9 S' c' a, A7 ]; T
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在某些形容词作表语,表示喜、怒、衷、乐后跟不定式表示原因。如:
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, a- d( ~$ [3 e/ ?. z I am very glad to see you. 我非常高兴地见到你。
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I am so sorry to hear your mother is ill. 听到你母亲生病真遗憾。) a( R3 i; A; k4 i( t
# W/ W$ Y" V* k1 J 在带有enough 或too的句子里,也常用不定式作状语,表示程度。如:
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He was too excited not to say a few words.
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他太激动了,不会不讲几句话的。 @! `; W0 \* p% P+ \
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He is old enough to go to school. 他到上学年龄了。+ a5 [) N! e. Z B6 I
1 i+ K' \" @# _( L She is too tired to do the job. 她太累而不能做那件工作了。" n4 I% Q3 k' y
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注意:强调动词不定式所表示的目的时,动词不定式可用in order to (为了) 或so as to (以便) + 动词原形。so as to 不用于句首。- J5 O$ Q& D& O
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He got up early in order to catch the first bus.
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6 a) }9 C* v2 w( ]0 D1 c8 c 他早起为了赶上第一班车。6 a: a7 c" t5 o
1 A' {2 b4 H) Z$ {) {, p, M# W The bus stopped so as to pick up passengers." Q. v7 N) _- I
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汽车停下来以便接纳乘客。
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: K7 r& K4 B( C4 f# |. ^ To look at him, you would like him. (表条件)
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To tell you the truth, I have got no money about me." _4 q& G) s) {0 n, ^9 d$ i! g
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To be honest, I know nothing about it. (修饰全句,独立成分)+ w) U( H0 M6 X7 O( j
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