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不定式作状语是高考语法重点,暑假班英语特级教师张老师给出详细解析。
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9 W8 u7 R) e5 ?' c, n/ J$ p He sat down to have a rest. (表目的) ^: N9 }, x, z$ R: Q
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They went there to visit their teacher.
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他们去那里拜访老师。(表目的)
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He woke up only / just to find everybody gone.9 n2 ]) D, O4 w% t
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他醒来发现大家都走了。(表示结果)
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1 Y2 A, a, { Z1 x. ^4 r7 P/ N My grandmother lived to see the liberation of China.
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我祖母活到亲眼见到中国解放。(表示结果)/ n% s6 F' l9 F6 i4 p3 i
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在某些形容词作表语,表示喜、怒、衷、乐后跟不定式表示原因。如:( t; p' g ~/ [& ~7 m
: F1 Q/ d4 w, i I am very glad to see you. 我非常高兴地见到你。
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/ l$ [+ V" F0 |/ z I am so sorry to hear your mother is ill. 听到你母亲生病真遗憾。
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在带有enough 或too的句子里,也常用不定式作状语,表示程度。如:
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He was too excited not to say a few words.3 Y8 c3 d! H9 D: T
# Q+ A U/ |* b) p: ?" d" h' j 他太激动了,不会不讲几句话的。' p7 b9 K) a; l' b, C8 F' S8 y; x
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He is old enough to go to school. 他到上学年龄了。
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She is too tired to do the job. 她太累而不能做那件工作了。
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注意:强调动词不定式所表示的目的时,动词不定式可用in order to (为了) 或so as to (以便) + 动词原形。so as to 不用于句首。. W" r* [# X L; c
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He got up early in order to catch the first bus.4 A1 t" P0 U( M- |9 _+ w
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他早起为了赶上第一班车。
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The bus stopped so as to pick up passengers.
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8 N- X0 }8 E% v/ Q4 g% V+ K$ V; E 汽车停下来以便接纳乘客。& M6 V3 j& Y* T5 A4 I
( j. a! x: r" x$ V To look at him, you would like him. (表条件)
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- x$ Y% ]& ]' {. S6 r To tell you the truth, I have got no money about me., u) U! ?4 e( `6 ~& t
: d% t9 d( b/ X; h8 ~5 | To be honest, I know nothing about it. (修饰全句,独立成分)% x! {1 C* h+ {) D6 t
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