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不定式作状语是高考语法重点,暑假班英语特级教师张老师给出详细解析。
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. c8 a# @" a( H He sat down to have a rest. (表目的)
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1 Z+ f; W5 G# D They went there to visit their teacher.
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7 d( N" q5 i, L# _' V+ ]8 @ 他们去那里拜访老师。(表目的). x7 g% u$ ?: ?
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He woke up only / just to find everybody gone.8 ]. ~5 ~8 a* z
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他醒来发现大家都走了。(表示结果)" x, U, J2 s( @$ q" q" l4 z
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My grandmother lived to see the liberation of China.% K* L* r% c+ |2 _& y
- E8 y. f9 O3 O$ ^% f 我祖母活到亲眼见到中国解放。(表示结果)/ ~: K- h Z( Q2 ?' N- a
; j: p2 e2 [5 e 在某些形容词作表语,表示喜、怒、衷、乐后跟不定式表示原因。如:" N( a: d( P$ z
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I am very glad to see you. 我非常高兴地见到你。
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I am so sorry to hear your mother is ill. 听到你母亲生病真遗憾。
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在带有enough 或too的句子里,也常用不定式作状语,表示程度。如:
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6 d: p1 W9 a$ z% M He was too excited not to say a few words., w# S, k. Q2 D5 M5 t3 e
7 I+ y% P* _% q2 D w& d0 b 他太激动了,不会不讲几句话的。
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He is old enough to go to school. 他到上学年龄了。
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She is too tired to do the job. 她太累而不能做那件工作了。4 r h& D5 @) g* O# o
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注意:强调动词不定式所表示的目的时,动词不定式可用in order to (为了) 或so as to (以便) + 动词原形。so as to 不用于句首。
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) N: p4 `# f; m3 A4 k6 j& O. D He got up early in order to catch the first bus.! I) y- T) c% G4 d
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他早起为了赶上第一班车。7 x N, q* ^0 ?, { x. u
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The bus stopped so as to pick up passengers.
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汽车停下来以便接纳乘客。/ h! E5 M0 ^3 v- A1 g9 o
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To look at him, you would like him. (表条件)
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To tell you the truth, I have got no money about me.! i# _% B( n0 @4 c1 h
, d& V! D" |$ O: K To be honest, I know nothing about it. (修饰全句,独立成分)
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