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不定式作状语是高考语法重点,暑假班英语特级教师张老师给出详细解析。! ? {( Q! ?3 m; b0 w% U' N; a
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He sat down to have a rest. (表目的)
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$ V3 M9 T# ~0 d They went there to visit their teacher.1 ^4 d8 z1 j( g9 C. n6 m# S' i
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他们去那里拜访老师。(表目的)7 V$ V( [9 Z/ W
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He woke up only / just to find everybody gone.& h2 Z5 U& F8 P
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他醒来发现大家都走了。(表示结果)6 h. Z+ V7 H9 E; I
* F ^( @! K8 K3 }& |1 a: r- s' a My grandmother lived to see the liberation of China.
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我祖母活到亲眼见到中国解放。(表示结果)
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在某些形容词作表语,表示喜、怒、衷、乐后跟不定式表示原因。如:
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I am very glad to see you. 我非常高兴地见到你。1 ~: m8 c. }1 w! t
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I am so sorry to hear your mother is ill. 听到你母亲生病真遗憾。
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在带有enough 或too的句子里,也常用不定式作状语,表示程度。如:
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He was too excited not to say a few words.
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他太激动了,不会不讲几句话的。( S- s+ B" h4 L: Q: Q5 U- \ y
4 z, J$ ]6 f7 t$ a! u8 m3 j4 } He is old enough to go to school. 他到上学年龄了。$ l; V1 ?; ?0 E1 N
& N% j5 K' q3 i {4 W She is too tired to do the job. 她太累而不能做那件工作了。& F: U8 w/ g, D( t
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注意:强调动词不定式所表示的目的时,动词不定式可用in order to (为了) 或so as to (以便) + 动词原形。so as to 不用于句首。
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He got up early in order to catch the first bus.
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他早起为了赶上第一班车。
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& f8 \1 Y% S8 S1 m. G The bus stopped so as to pick up passengers.( L# L6 V7 N, L: f- q
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汽车停下来以便接纳乘客。5 w' r' _, N; `
+ n0 \% F x" O, p# @9 l, H4 F To look at him, you would like him. (表条件)
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; V& Y: K& T9 |; j0 b$ y# @% T To tell you the truth, I have got no money about me.
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To be honest, I know nothing about it. (修饰全句,独立成分)
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