![未绑定新浪微博](http://bbs.xiasha.cn/xwb/images/bgimg/icon_off.gif) 该用户从未签到
|
本帖最后由 下沙热线 于 2011-4-20 14:04 编辑
" F+ [ u4 P) Z
0 y5 |4 }! d/ W8 E: K 1. 根据定义猜测词义
9 h5 U3 {& R7 @/ X3 I h j3 x7 O) f( l5 K N. i% `) _2 n
如果生词是句子或段落所解释的定义,理解句子或段落本身就是推断词义。( D0 W9 X. ?. Q' X, M+ j$ N: c
& `; b* P i6 \- l, ?4 n
例如: anthropology is the scientific study of man. 由定义可知,anthropology就是“研究人类的科学”。
1 O6 T. F( u iIn slang the term "jam" constitutes a state of being in which a person finds himself or herself in a difficult situation. 同样,从上下文的定义可知jam一词在俚语中的意思是“困境”。 定义句的谓语动词多为:be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, refer to, be called, be known as, define, represent, signify, constitute等。- F7 o- ^$ f' f; h2 e3 F
6 F- Z/ ?! g0 ?% R- \3 k 2. 根据复述猜测词义
m8 n c; g1 j+ M2 f9 n
& t1 i% g9 U9 H0 t 虽然复述不如定义那样严谨、详细,但是提供的信息足以使阅读者猜出生词词义。 复述部分可以适当词、短语或是从句。1 o1 V6 j) |" ` ~0 D' \1 F$ f
# o6 Q5 `& U; k( b( Y. [4 N$ V 同位语 Semantics, the study of the meaning of words, is necessary if you are to speak and read intelligently.$ I2 w" [6 I# X* }9 \5 D
s2 A5 z4 i7 r0 N) }" q 此例逗号中短语意为“对词意义进行研究的学科”。该短语与前面生词semanties式同位关系,因此我们不难猜出semanties指“语义学”。
$ X5 e! M+ s' H; h. i& D
6 q* m7 n! W# C7 \/ K* Y+ _' f% |; G 在复述中构成同位关系的两部分之间多用逗号连接,有时也使用破折号,冒号,分 号,引号,和括号等。
, |$ J3 f6 g3 @3 ~+ D1 _' o$ L$ { x/ @9 ]2 d( [" i
Capacitance, or the ability to store electric charge, is one of the most common characteristics of electronic circuits.由同位语我们很快猜出生词capacitance词义---电容量。
& N0 |6 n# J# X! [" i
: A4 s- ^# A" z9 ~7 L2 H, x 需要注意的是:同位语前 还常有or, similarly, that is to say, in other words, namely, or other, say i.e. 等副词或短语出现。) W$ z. B1 F J+ j2 x j2 z; F$ \; |) V
1 q# I2 Q; c& x$ w$ y& W 定语从句 Krabacber suffers from SAD, which is short for seasonal affective disorder, a syndrome characterized by severe seasonal mood swings.
) H+ v$ |% S4 U& } ` N
y K# O- h# P5 K/ m 根据生词SAD后面定语从句which is short for seasonal affective disorder和同位语 a syndrome characterized by severe seasonal mood swings, 我们可以推断出 SAD含义,即“季节性情绪紊乱症”。) g- S# c7 O- B' @5 X* f
* R+ _; A. U, F1 ^; ~! Q 3. 根据举例猜测词义, l% b- ]$ Q! B' t
5 b. l" ]7 n# O4 c. y% N 恰当的举例能够提供猜测生词的重要线索,例如:
' u( g1 f$ \ G9 |2 C The consequences of epochal events such as wars and great scientific discoveries are not confined to a small geographical area as they were in the past. 句中“战争”和“重大科学发现”是生词的实例,通过它们我们可以猜出epochal的大致词义“重要的”,这与其确切含义“划时代的”十分接近。 |
|